Bala: Xylophone from Mali. Original instrument of the jali.

Bomba: African-derived music and dance of coastal regions of Puerto Rico.

Bouzouki: Traditional string instrument of Greece.

Conga: Barrel shaped, single-headed hand drum from Cuba. Mainstay of Latin Caribbean percussion.

Charanga: Dance band music of eastern Cuba led by flute and violins.

Changgo: Double-headed hour glass drum of Korea. Used in both festival processions and classical stage music.

Cheres: A wide belt worn as a bullet proof vest in the Carpathian Mountains.

Cuatro: Guitar-like fretted lead instrument of Puerto Rico with four double courses of strings.

Djembe: Goblet shaped hand drum with metal resonators. Played in ensembles to accompany dance throughout West Africa.

Didjeridoo: An Australian aboriginal trumpet made from a eucalyptus branch.

Gagá: Carnival procession drumming and dance from the Dominican Republic. Related to Haitian Rará.

Güiro: Scraped percussion instrument from Cuba and Puerto Rico made of a gourd.

Güira: Metal variant of guïro from the Dominican Republic.

Klezmer: Instrumental music of the Jews of Eastern Europe (Ashkenazim).

Jali: Hereditary oral historian, musician and storyteller from the Mandinka culture of western Africa (pl. Jalilu). Also known as Griot.

Jíbaro: String instrument-based music and song from the mountain region of Puerto Rico.

Kayagum: Korean zither with movable bridges.

Koto:Japanese zither with movable bridges.

Maqam: Mode system of Arabic music with characteristic quarter tones scales.

M’bira: Hand-held instrument with tuned metal keys and gourd or wood resonator of the Shona people of Zimbabwe (also known as a thumb piano).

Merengue: Folk and popular music of the Dominican Republic. Played in a fast 2/4 meter with alternating stanzas and vocal or instrumental refrains, known as a jaleo.

Oud: Short-necked, fretless, plucked lute of the Arab world. The direct ancestor of the European lute (al'ud "the lute").

Plena: Percussion and song form of Puerto Rico using frame drums and improvised lyrics of social and political commentary. Also known as the "sung newspaper."

Raga: Mode system in Indian music with characteristic patterns, performance time, and mood.

Rom: Indigenous term for Gypsy culture.

Salsa: Popular hybrid of Cuban son music and percussion, and North American jazz instrumentation. Developed in New York City and popularized throughout Latin America

Sangen: Three-string instrument of Japan, used in many different styles of traditional music including Kabuki, Bunraku, and Jiuta.

Shakuhachi: End-blown, traditional bamboo flute of Japan. Associated with Zen Buddhism.

Sikus: Pan pipe of Altiplano highland indigenous culture of South America.

Son: Song style of eastern Cuba characterized by string accompaniment of guitar and related instruments such as the tres.

Step Dance: Percussive solo dancing, using rapid heel and toe movements to the rhythms of Irish jigs, reels and hornpipes.

Uilleann Pipes: Bellows-driven bagpipe of Ireland.